A legendary Dutch boy saved Holland by plugging a hole of diameter \[1.20cm\] in a dike with his finger. If the hole was $2.00m$ below the surface of the North Sea ( $density = 1030Kg{m^{ - 3}}$ ).
If he pulled his finger out of the hole, during what time interval would the release water fill $1$ acre of land to a depth of $1ft$ ? Assume the hole remained of land to a depth of $1ft$ ?Assume the hole remained constant in size.
Answer
581.4k+ views
Hint : In order to solve this equation, we will use the concept of Bernoulli theorem of fluid mechanics which states that “the sum of the pressure energy, Kinetic energy, and potential energy per unit mass of an incompressible, non-viscous fluid in a streamlined flow always remains a constant”.
Complete step-by-step solution:
Let us first draw the diagram. Let $h$ be the height from top surface at which Dutch boy plugged a hole of given diameter $d = 1.2cm$ or $r = 0.06m$ where $r$ is the radius of the hole. And let $(1)$ denote the point where hole is made and $(2)$ is the point at the topmost surface.
Now, we have
$\rho = 1030Kg{m^{ - 3}}$
${y_2} - {y_1} = h = 2m$
Let ${P_0}$ be the pressure at both points which are at top and at hole.
Then by using Bernoulli theorem we can write as:
${P_0} + \rho g{y_1} + \dfrac{1}{2}\rho {v_1}^2 = {P_0} + \rho g{y_2} + 0$
Where ${v_1}$ is the velocity at hole.
$\dfrac{1}{2}\rho {v_1}^2 = \rho g{y_2} - \rho g{y_1}$
Or
${v_1} = \sqrt {2g({y_2} - {y_1})} $
Put ${y_2} - {y_1} = h = 2m$ in above equation we get,
${v_1} = \sqrt {2gh} $
On putting the values of $g = 9.8m{\sec ^{ - 2}}$ and $h = 2m$ we get,
${v_1} = \sqrt {4 \times 9.8} $
${v_1} = 6.26m{\sec ^{ - 1}}$
Now, Let $R$ denotes for the rate of the fluid and it’s calculated as $R = {A_1}{v_1}$ where ${v_1} = 6.26m{\sec ^{ - 1}}$ and ${A_1} = \pi {(0.06)^2}{m^2}$ be the area of the hole so,
$R = 6.26 \times 3.14 \times (0.0036)$
$R = 7.09 \times {10^{ - 4}}{m^3}{\sec ^{ - 1}}$
Now, as we know that volume of $1acreft = 1.236 \times {10^3}{m^3}$
So, in order to find time we can simple use $R = \dfrac{V}{t}$ where $R = 7.09 \times {10^{ - 4}}{m^3}{\sec ^{ - 1}}$ and $V = 1.236 \times {10^3}{m^3}$ on putting these values we get,
$t = \dfrac{{1.236 \times {{10}^3}{m^3}}}{{7.09 \times {{10}^{ - 4}}{m^3}{{\sec }^{ - 1}}}}$
Or
$t = 1.74 \times {10^6}\sec $
Hence, $1acreft = 1.236 \times {10^3}{m^3}$ of volume will be filled in $t = 1.74 \times {10^6}\sec $ .
Note: It should be remembered that, the basic units of conversions are as $1cm = 0.01m$ and the velocity of fluid at topmost point is zero because no water flows through this point and remember to notice the height $h$ as the difference in distances from ground level to topmost point and the distance from ground level to the point where hole is made.
Complete step-by-step solution:
Let us first draw the diagram. Let $h$ be the height from top surface at which Dutch boy plugged a hole of given diameter $d = 1.2cm$ or $r = 0.06m$ where $r$ is the radius of the hole. And let $(1)$ denote the point where hole is made and $(2)$ is the point at the topmost surface.
Now, we have
$\rho = 1030Kg{m^{ - 3}}$
${y_2} - {y_1} = h = 2m$
Let ${P_0}$ be the pressure at both points which are at top and at hole.
Then by using Bernoulli theorem we can write as:
${P_0} + \rho g{y_1} + \dfrac{1}{2}\rho {v_1}^2 = {P_0} + \rho g{y_2} + 0$
Where ${v_1}$ is the velocity at hole.
$\dfrac{1}{2}\rho {v_1}^2 = \rho g{y_2} - \rho g{y_1}$
Or
${v_1} = \sqrt {2g({y_2} - {y_1})} $
Put ${y_2} - {y_1} = h = 2m$ in above equation we get,
${v_1} = \sqrt {2gh} $
On putting the values of $g = 9.8m{\sec ^{ - 2}}$ and $h = 2m$ we get,
${v_1} = \sqrt {4 \times 9.8} $
${v_1} = 6.26m{\sec ^{ - 1}}$
Now, Let $R$ denotes for the rate of the fluid and it’s calculated as $R = {A_1}{v_1}$ where ${v_1} = 6.26m{\sec ^{ - 1}}$ and ${A_1} = \pi {(0.06)^2}{m^2}$ be the area of the hole so,
$R = 6.26 \times 3.14 \times (0.0036)$
$R = 7.09 \times {10^{ - 4}}{m^3}{\sec ^{ - 1}}$
Now, as we know that volume of $1acreft = 1.236 \times {10^3}{m^3}$
So, in order to find time we can simple use $R = \dfrac{V}{t}$ where $R = 7.09 \times {10^{ - 4}}{m^3}{\sec ^{ - 1}}$ and $V = 1.236 \times {10^3}{m^3}$ on putting these values we get,
$t = \dfrac{{1.236 \times {{10}^3}{m^3}}}{{7.09 \times {{10}^{ - 4}}{m^3}{{\sec }^{ - 1}}}}$
Or
$t = 1.74 \times {10^6}\sec $
Hence, $1acreft = 1.236 \times {10^3}{m^3}$ of volume will be filled in $t = 1.74 \times {10^6}\sec $ .
Note: It should be remembered that, the basic units of conversions are as $1cm = 0.01m$ and the velocity of fluid at topmost point is zero because no water flows through this point and remember to notice the height $h$ as the difference in distances from ground level to topmost point and the distance from ground level to the point where hole is made.
Recently Updated Pages
Write structures of the following compounds i 2 Chloro3methylpentane class 11 chemistry CBSE

What is BLO What is the full form of BLO class 8 social science CBSE

Explain the Treaty of Vienna of 1815 class 10 social science CBSE

A Paragraph on Pollution in about 100-150 Words

XIX+XXX A 49 B 51 C 55 D 44 class 5 maths CBSE

If x a + bt + ct2 where x is in meters and t is in class 11 physics CBSE

Trending doubts
One Metric ton is equal to kg A 10000 B 1000 C 100 class 11 physics CBSE

Find the value of the expression given below sin 30circ class 11 maths CBSE

What do you mean by retardation What is its SI uni class 11 physics CBSE

Draw a diagram of nephron and explain its structur class 11 biology CBSE

10 examples of friction in our daily life

Difference between physical and chemical change class 11 chemistry CBSE

