What is exponential growth in environmental science?

Hint: In exponential growth per capita growth rate of the population stays the same regardless of population size, making the population grow faster and faster as it gets larger. In nature, population may grow exponentially for some period of time, but they will ultimately be limited by resource availability. In exponential growth we get a J type curve.

Complete step-by-step solution:
In the exponential growth model, population increase over time is a result of the number of individuals available to reproduce without regard to resource limits. In exponential growth, the population size increases at an exponential rate over time, continuing upward.
Exponential growth model looks like:
$\dfrac{dN}{dt}=rN\left( 1-\dfrac{N}{k} \right)$
Here, in the given equation the change d in number of individuals N over a change d in time t equals the rate of increase r in number of individuals N.
The exponential equation is a useful model of simple populations, at least for relatively short periods of time.
We will see that the exponential growth model is the same in all fields it is just that the variables chosen are different.
Basically, exponential growth is growth in which the rate of growth is proportional to the present amount.
We can see in the following model as
$\dfrac{dA}{dt}=kA$
Now, after solving and putting the required substitutions we will see that the model we get is similar to or exactly is $A(t)={{A}_{0}}{{e}^{k}}t$.

Note: It is a part of differential equation and its derivative is also in higher studies it's enough to know that model and each term of it for this question.